Lugares de interés en Castrojeriz

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POI

Castrojeriz Castle

Strategically located on the hill overlooking the town is the fortress whose origins date back to a Roman tower of the S. I a d C. It is located on the site occupied by the ancient Iberian Romanized castro of the Murgobos, whose name was Sisaraca. The remains from the time of Emperor Augustus can still be admired today among the constructions of later times and its purpose was to guard the crossroads of roads that went to Segisamón and Clunia Sulpicia. Destroyed and rebuilt again in the 9th century, as part of the reconquest, it was inhabited by Pedro I El Cruel and it was here that he held his aunt Leonor of Castile prisoner, whom he had executed in 1359. Largely destroyed again in the great Lisbon earthquake of 1755 and in the war of independence, today its ruins have been consolidated since 2013. Two viewpoints were built and are accessed through the medieval stairs that are still preserved. It has structures enabled for tourism with explanatory plaques.

POI

San Juan Bautista Church

The Church of San Juan, located at the western end of Calle Real, follows the basical plan model. Although its construction began in the 13th century, only the polygonal apse, the tower and the spectacular cloister remain from that period. At the beginning of the 16th century, the naves were rebuilt to correspond to the "hallenkirche" model, with the three naves at the same height. The impressive vaults and the choir that it has today are a design attributed to Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón, from the middle of the 16th century. Inside are the chapels of the great magnates of the Castilian wool trade with imposing sarcophagi that form a remarkable exhibition of funerary art. These families did great business with the Netherlands, especially in the 16th century, which led to the patronage and importation of numerous works of art from those provinces of the empire. In the chapel of the Gallo family there is a polyptych of twelve oil painted panels, manufactured in Bruges in the 16th century, attributed to Ambrosius Benson and considered a reference of Hispano-Flemish art in Castile and Leon. Also, in the interior of the temple there are six wool tapestries of the XVII century manufactured in Bruges and designed by Cornelius Schutt, disciple of Pedro Pablo Rubens. Among its altarpieces are the main altarpiece, brought in 1810 from the now destroyed convent of San Antón, in Baroque style, and the altarpiece of Santa Ana, the latter by Cristóbal Fernández and Juan de Villareal, Renaissance artists from the circle of Felipe de Vigarny. This church houses in its interior an exhibition of sacred art with works attributed, among others, to Angelo Bronzino or Scipione Pulzone da Gaeta. The monumental complex is completed with a majestic Romanesque cloister of transition of the thirteenth century, covered with a beautiful Mudejar coffered ceiling of the fifteenth century polychrome with figures and coats of arms, and a tower also from the thirteenth century. The monument was declared of cultural interest in 1990.

POI

Ex-Collegiate Church of the Virgen del Manzano

The Ex-Collegiate Church of Santa María del Manzano is located outside the walls to the east of the main nucleus, in the neighborhood of Manzano. It is a basilica church whose construction began in the early thirteenth century. It has three naves with five higher sections of the central nave, square chancel, Gothic façade with archivolts, rose window and Baroque finial. Both the first two bodies of the tower and the structure of the church, as well as the main entrance and the beautiful sculptures of the facades are from the founding period, the latter highlighting the theme of the annunciation on the main facade. In this same facade also highlights the spectacular rose window of the late fifteenth century with stained glass manufactured in Germany, a donation of Cardinal D. Iñigo López de Mendoza. The temple underwent major reforms in the 15th century with new vaults and in the 18th century with the elevation and finishing of the tower, the construction of the chapel of the dedication of the temple, as well as the remodeling of the chancel with the construction of the burials of the Counts of Castro, the main sacristy and the choir, orchestrated to a greater extent the last reforms by the architect Juan de Sagarbinaga. It was declared of cultural interest in 1974. At the entrance of the temple is the tomb of Doña Leonor de Castilla, aunt of King Pedro I El Cruel, ordered to be executed by him in 1359 in the castle of Castrojeriz, and was discovered in the 1970s in an arch that was covered. The interior houses altarpieces from the fifteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, highlighting especially the paintings of the largest, the work of the painters of the court of King Carlos III Anton Rafael Mengs, Francisco Bayeu and Salvador Maella. The sculpture of the Virgen del Manzano that is in the chapel of the same name is of the XIII century, is made of polychrome stone and is named in the cantigas of King Alfonso X the Wise. Since 2001 there is a spectacular exhibition of sacred art with works of the Villa among which stand out the gold and silver work such as monstrances, navetas, reliquaries, chalices, processional crosses; imagery of excellent carvings from the twelfth to the eighteenth century and paintings with names of authors such as Bartolomé Carducho.

POI

Church of Santo Domingo. Iacobeus" Center

Located next to the Real street, of gothic style and basilical plant with buttresses and square head and a beautiful plateresque cover. It was built in 1560. It underwent a major transformation in the eighteenth century, removing a wooden framework that covered more than half of the temple and building vaults in imitation of the originals, most likely due to the great earthquake of Lisbon. In its interior the beautiful main altarpiece of baroque style designed by the architect Fray Pedro Martinez in 1709, with later gilding and polychrome of neoclassical taste stands out. The interior decoration is completed with a series of altarpieces from the first and second half of the eighteenth century that generally house older images. It is in this temple where the tourist office and the Interpretation Center of the Camino de Santiago are located, which is framed in the context of the four villas of Amaya, a set of four interpretation centers located in neighboring villages of the region. The Interpretation Center, of great didactic value, has an exhibition in which six booths with multimedia and interactivity show the different aspects of the Way of St. James today, making a parallel with the Middle Ages. The exhibition is completed with a spectacular projection in the vault accompanied by lights and sound, made with the video mapping technique.

POI

Monastery of San Antón

Three kilometers from the urban center are the ruins of what was the church of the general house of the order of San Antón for Castile, Portugal and America. Installed since 1146, they also founded a hospital to care for patients with ergotism or sacred fire that traveled the Camino de Santiago and was a reference throughout Europe for the cure of this disease. The monastery was abandoned after the suppression of the order at the end of the 18th century and the subsequent sale through the disentailment of Mendizábal, but not before moving its altarpieces to the church of San Juan de Castrojeriz where they are preserved to this day. At present, the ruins of the church, from the 14th century, and the atrium built in the 16th century remain. The best preserved is the magnificent central apse with two floors of pointed windows between powerful external buttresses, recalling the apse models of Las Huelgas de Burgos and Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye, in Isère, mother house of the Antonian Order, under reconstruction in the mid-fourteenth century. It is considered a landmark on the road to Santiago and the gateway to Castrojeriz passing under its impressive atrium the Jacobean route and hosting inside the church a hostel for pilgrims that is maintained based on donations, thus continuing the hospital tradition of the extinct order of San Antón.

POI

Calle Real and Plaza Mayor

The Calle Real coincides with the route of the Camino de Santiago, it is called "de Oriente" until it reaches the Plaza Mayor and "de Poniente" from there on. In this street are located most of the representative buildings of the town: the Church of Santo Domingo, the hostel of San Esteban, the Town Hall, the Church of San Juan, as well as numerous examples of historic civil architecture and remains of other historic buildings. In short, Calle Real is the backbone and connects the two most traditional neighborhoods of the town: the neighborhood of Santa María del Manzano with the old Jewish quarter around the church of San Juan. The rest of the streets of the main network generally run parallel to the Calle Real at a lower elevation. At the western end of Castrojeriz around the Church of San Juan, is located the neighborhood of San Juan, considered the old Jewish quarter or aljama. It develops from Real Street downwards, with more irregular blocks and with a lesser degree of consolidation. Its limits would be the wall and the gate of San Miguel, and to the east Cordón street, the Landelino Tardajos crossing and the slope towards Real street. The need to condition certain spaces to facilitate commerce gave rise to the current Plaza Mayor, which is nothing more than a widening of Calle Real, which Vázquez de Parga in Las Peregrinaciones a Santiago de Compostela cites as "Plaza del Mercado", the name under which it appears in F. Coello's map of 1868. At present, the Plaza Mayor is formed by terraced houses, built in different periods and has arcades on one of its sides to protect it from the wind, rain and sun ... as noted in the dictionary Madoz. Both in the 19th century and today, the arcades are formed by stone pillars and the floor is tiled with the same material. However, it is likely that in the Middle Ages, instead of pillars, they used straight wooden feet supported on the ground by a stone block to facilitate their preservation, as we can see in the nearby region of Tierra de Campos. As was the case in many other medieval towns, on one side of the square stood one of the churches of the town, that of San Esteban. In the arcades of the same can be visited at present an informative exhibition on the Charter of Castrojeriz, granted to the town in the year 974, which makes it the first and ultimately, be the oldest charter of Castile.

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