Olivenza is located southwest of the city of Badajoz, next to the Guadiana.

Of Templar origin, it depended on the council of Badajoz between 1278 and 1297. In 1297, following the Treaty of Alcañices, it was ceded to Portuguese sovereignty until 1801, when it was returned to Spain by the Treaty of Badajoz following the War of the Oranges, prologue to the Napoleonic occupation of the Peninsula.

It has significant monumental heritage, mainly from the Manueline Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque periods. Among the most important monuments we find the churches of Santa María Magdalena and Santa María del Castillo, the Chapel of the Casa de Misericordia (House of Mercy), the original city walls and the Manueline door of the Town Hall. It is known for its Bullfighting Festival, Holy Week, and other festivals such as Oliventia, Las Mayas or the Muñecas de San Juan.